From 4da0bffeee05c4589ae4d0addc7c695e31669990 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jonathan Feenstra <26406078+JonathanFeenstra@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2026 10:08:10 +0100
Subject: Add instance manager to plugin API (#2335)

---
 src/CMakeLists.txt            |  3 ++
 src/envshortcut.cpp           |  2 +-
 src/instancemanager.cpp       | 65 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
 src/instancemanager.h         | 50 +++++++++++++++++++++------------
 src/instancemanagerdialog.cpp |  5 ----
 src/instancemanagerproxy.cpp  | 51 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 src/instancemanagerproxy.h    | 50 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 src/moapplication.cpp         |  2 +-
 src/moapplication.h           |  4 +--
 src/organizerproxy.cpp        |  8 ++++++
 src/organizerproxy.h          |  3 ++
 11 files changed, 206 insertions(+), 37 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/instancemanagerproxy.cpp
 create mode 100644 src/instancemanagerproxy.h

diff --git a/src/CMakeLists.txt b/src/CMakeLists.txt
index 123e876b..8b425272 100644
--- a/src/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ mo2_add_filter(NAME src/application GROUPS
 	multiprocess
 	sanitychecks
 	selfupdater
+	systemtraymanager
 	updatedialog
 )
 
@@ -273,7 +274,9 @@ mo2_add_filter(NAME src/profiles GROUPS
 
 mo2_add_filter(NAME src/proxies GROUPS
 	downloadmanagerproxy
+	executableslistproxy
 	gamefeaturesproxy
+	instancemanagerproxy
 	modlistproxy
 	organizerproxy
 	pluginlistproxy
diff --git a/src/envshortcut.cpp b/src/envshortcut.cpp
index 204435b7..be696105 100644
--- a/src/envshortcut.cpp
+++ b/src/envshortcut.cpp
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ Shortcut::Shortcut() : m_iconIndex(0) {}
 
 Shortcut::Shortcut(const Executable& exe) : Shortcut()
 {
-  const auto i = *InstanceManager::singleton().currentInstance();
+  const auto& i = *InstanceManager::singleton().currentInstance();
 
   m_name   = MOBase::sanitizeFileName(exe.title());
   m_target = QFileInfo(qApp->applicationFilePath()).absoluteFilePath();
diff --git a/src/instancemanager.cpp b/src/instancemanager.cpp
index 90e9e519..fcb7bf67 100644
--- a/src/instancemanager.cpp
+++ b/src/instancemanager.cpp
@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ along with Mod Organizer.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #include <QMessageBox>
 #include <QStandardPaths>
 #include <cstdint>
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
 
 using namespace MOBase;
 
@@ -57,11 +59,25 @@ QString Instance::displayName() const
 
 QString Instance::gameName() const
 {
+  if (!m_iniValuesRead && m_gameName.isEmpty()) {
+    std::scoped_lock lock(m_iniValuesMutex);
+    if (!m_iniValuesRead) {
+      readFromIni();
+    }
+  }
+
   return m_gameName;
 }
 
 QString Instance::gameDirectory() const
 {
+  if (!m_iniValuesRead && m_gameDir.isEmpty()) {
+    std::scoped_lock lock(m_iniValuesMutex);
+    if (!m_iniValuesRead) {
+      readFromIni();
+    }
+  }
+
   return m_gameDir;
 }
 
@@ -72,6 +88,13 @@ QString Instance::directory() const
 
 QString Instance::baseDirectory() const
 {
+  if (!m_iniValuesRead) {
+    std::scoped_lock lock(m_iniValuesMutex);
+    if (!m_iniValuesRead) {
+      readFromIni();
+    }
+  }
+
   return m_baseDir;
 }
 
@@ -82,6 +105,13 @@ MOBase::IPluginGame* Instance::gamePlugin() const
 
 QString Instance::profileName() const
 {
+  if (!m_iniValuesRead) {
+    std::scoped_lock lock(m_iniValuesMutex);
+    if (!m_iniValuesRead) {
+      readFromIni();
+    }
+  }
+
   return m_profile;
 }
 
@@ -110,12 +140,13 @@ bool Instance::isActive() const
   return false;
 }
 
-bool Instance::readFromIni()
+bool Instance::readFromIni() const
 {
   Settings s(iniPath());
 
   if (s.iniStatus() != QSettings::NoError) {
     log::error("can't read ini {}", iniPath());
+    m_iniValuesRead = true;
     return false;
   }
 
@@ -143,14 +174,18 @@ bool Instance::readFromIni()
   // figuring out profile from ini if it's missing
   getProfile(s);
 
+  m_iniValuesRead = true;
   return true;
 }
 
 Instance::SetupResults Instance::setup(PluginContainer& plugins)
 {
-  // read initial values from the ini
-  if (!readFromIni()) {
-    return SetupResults::BadIni;
+  if (!m_iniValuesRead) {
+    std::scoped_lock lock(m_iniValuesMutex);
+    // read initial values from the ini
+    if (!m_iniValuesRead && !readFromIni()) {
+      return SetupResults::BadIni;
+    }
   }
 
   // getting game plugin
@@ -310,7 +345,7 @@ Instance::SetupResults Instance::getGamePlugin(PluginContainer& plugins)
   }
 }
 
-void Instance::getProfile(const Settings& s)
+void Instance::getProfile(const Settings& s) const
 {
   if (!m_profile.isEmpty()) {
     // there's already a profile set up, probably an override
@@ -511,7 +546,7 @@ void InstanceManager::clearOverrides()
   m_overrideProfileName  = {};
 }
 
-std::unique_ptr<Instance> InstanceManager::currentInstance() const
+std::shared_ptr<Instance> InstanceManager::currentInstance() const
 {
   const QString profile = m_overrideProfileName ? *m_overrideProfileName : "";
 
@@ -520,20 +555,20 @@ std::unique_ptr<Instance> InstanceManager::currentInstance() const
 
   if (!allowedToChangeInstance()) {
     // force portable instance
-    return std::make_unique<Instance>(portablePath(), true, profile);
+    return std::make_shared<Instance>(portablePath(), true, profile);
   }
 
   if (name.isEmpty()) {
     if (portableInstanceExists()) {
       // use portable
-      return std::make_unique<Instance>(portablePath(), true, profile);
+      return std::make_shared<Instance>(portablePath(), true, profile);
     } else {
       // no instance set
       return {};
     }
   }
 
-  return std::make_unique<Instance>(instancePath(name), false, profile);
+  return std::make_shared<Instance>(instancePath(name), false, profile);
 }
 
 void InstanceManager::clearCurrentInstance()
@@ -583,6 +618,16 @@ std::vector<QString> InstanceManager::globalInstancePaths() const
   return list;
 }
 
+std::shared_ptr<const Instance>
+InstanceManager::getGlobalInstance(const QString& instanceName) const
+{
+  if (!instanceExists(instanceName)) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  return std::make_shared<const Instance>(instancePath(instanceName), false, "");
+}
+
 bool InstanceManager::hasAnyInstances() const
 {
   return portableInstanceExists() || !globalInstancePaths().empty();
@@ -696,7 +741,7 @@ bool InstanceManager::instanceExists(const QString& instanceName) const
   return root.exists(instanceName);
 }
 
-std::unique_ptr<Instance> selectInstance()
+std::shared_ptr<Instance> selectInstance()
 {
   auto& m = InstanceManager::singleton();
 
diff --git a/src/instancemanager.h b/src/instancemanager.h
index 176033e8..61cee327 100644
--- a/src/instancemanager.h
+++ b/src/instancemanager.h
@@ -1,9 +1,16 @@
 #ifndef MODORGANIZER_INSTANCEMANAGER_INCLUDED
 #define MODORGANIZER_INSTANCEMANAGER_INCLUDED
 
+#include <QDir>
 #include <QSettings>
 #include <QString>
 
+#include <atomic>
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
+
+#include <uibase/iinstance.h>
+
 namespace MOBase
 {
 class IPluginGame;
@@ -26,7 +33,7 @@ class PluginContainer;
 // setGame() and setVariant() can be called before retrying setup(); this
 // happens on startup if that information is missing
 //
-class Instance
+class Instance : public MOBase::IInstance
 {
 public:
   // returned by setup()
@@ -92,18 +99,6 @@ public:
   //
   Instance(QString dir, bool portable, QString profileName = {});
 
-  // reads in values from the INI if they were not given yet:
-  //  - game name
-  //  - game directory
-  //  - game variant
-  //  - profile name
-  //
-  // note that setup() already calls this
-  //
-  // returns false if the ini couldn't be read from
-  //
-  bool readFromIni();
-
   // finds the appropriate game plugin and sets it up so MO can use it; this
   // calls readFromIni() first
   //
@@ -192,9 +187,24 @@ public:
 private:
   QString m_dir;
   bool m_portable;
-  QString m_gameName, m_gameDir, m_gameVariant, m_baseDir;
+  mutable QString m_gameName, m_gameDir, m_gameVariant, m_baseDir;
   MOBase::IPluginGame* m_plugin;
-  QString m_profile;
+  mutable QString m_profile;
+
+  mutable std::mutex m_iniValuesMutex;
+  mutable std::atomic<bool> m_iniValuesRead{false};
+
+  // reads in values from the INI if they were not given yet:
+  //  - game name
+  //  - game directory
+  //  - game variant
+  //  - profile name
+  //
+  // note that setup() already calls this
+  //
+  // returns false if the ini couldn't be read from
+  //
+  bool readFromIni() const;
 
   // figures out the game plugin for this instance
   //
@@ -202,7 +212,7 @@ private:
 
   // figures out the profile name for this instance
   //
-  void getProfile(const Settings& s);
+  void getProfile(const Settings& s) const;
 
   // updates the ini with the given values and the ones found by setup()
   //
@@ -259,7 +269,7 @@ public:
   // instance name in the registry is empty or non-existent and there is no
   // portable instance set up
   //
-  std::unique_ptr<Instance> currentInstance() const;
+  std::shared_ptr<Instance> currentInstance() const;
 
   // sets the instance name in the registry so the same instance is opened next
   // time MO runs
@@ -295,6 +305,10 @@ public:
   //
   std::vector<QString> globalInstancePaths() const;
 
+  // returns the global Instance with the given name, or null if it doesn't exist
+  //
+  std::shared_ptr<const Instance> getGlobalInstance(const QString& instanceName) const;
+
   // sanitizes the given instance name and either
   // 1) returns it if there is no instance with this name
   // 2) tries to add " (N)" at the end until it works
@@ -343,7 +357,7 @@ enum class SetupInstanceResults
 // instance manager dialog and returns the selected instance or empty if the
 // user cancelled
 //
-std::unique_ptr<Instance> selectInstance();
+std::shared_ptr<Instance> selectInstance();
 
 // calls instance.setup() tries to handle problems by itself:
 //
diff --git a/src/instancemanagerdialog.cpp b/src/instancemanagerdialog.cpp
index b5139e90..06e6d796 100644
--- a/src/instancemanagerdialog.cpp
+++ b/src/instancemanagerdialog.cpp
@@ -257,11 +257,6 @@ void InstanceManagerDialog::updateInstances()
     m_instances.insert(m_instances.begin(),
                        std::make_unique<Instance>(m.portablePath(), true));
   }
-
-  // read all inis, ignore errors
-  for (auto&& i : m_instances) {
-    i->readFromIni();
-  }
 }
 
 void InstanceManagerDialog::updateList()
diff --git a/src/instancemanagerproxy.cpp b/src/instancemanagerproxy.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2ff7f714
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/instancemanagerproxy.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+Copyright (C) 2012 Sebastian Herbord. All rights reserved.
+
+This file is part of Mod Organizer.
+
+Mod Organizer is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+(at your option) any later version.
+
+Mod Organizer is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+along with Mod Organizer.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+#include "instancemanagerproxy.h"
+
+#include "instancemanager.h"
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <QDir>
+#include <QString>
+
+#include <uibase/iinstance.h>
+
+InstanceManagerProxy::InstanceManagerProxy(InstanceManager* instanceManager)
+    : m_Proxied(instanceManager)
+{}
+
+std::shared_ptr<MOBase::IInstance> InstanceManagerProxy::currentInstance() const
+{
+  return m_Proxied->currentInstance();
+}
+
+std::vector<QDir> InstanceManagerProxy::globalInstancePaths() const
+{
+  const auto globalPaths = m_Proxied->globalInstancePaths();
+  return std::vector<QDir>(globalPaths.begin(), globalPaths.end());
+}
+
+std::shared_ptr<const MOBase::IInstance>
+InstanceManagerProxy::getGlobalInstance(const QString& instanceName) const
+{
+  return m_Proxied->getGlobalInstance(instanceName);
+}
diff --git a/src/instancemanagerproxy.h b/src/instancemanagerproxy.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3091db09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/instancemanagerproxy.h
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+Copyright (C) 2012 Sebastian Herbord. All rights reserved.
+
+This file is part of Mod Organizer.
+
+Mod Organizer is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+(at your option) any later version.
+
+Mod Organizer is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+along with Mod Organizer.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+#ifndef INSTANCEMANAGERPROXY_H
+#define INSTANCEMANAGERPROXY_H
+
+#include "instancemanager.h"
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <QDir>
+#include <QString>
+
+#include <uibase/iinstancemanager.h>
+
+namespace MOBase
+{
+class IInstance;
+}
+
+class InstanceManagerProxy : public MOBase::IInstanceManager
+{
+public:
+  InstanceManagerProxy(InstanceManager* instanceManager);
+  std::shared_ptr<MOBase::IInstance> currentInstance() const override;
+  std::vector<QDir> globalInstancePaths() const override;
+  std::shared_ptr<const MOBase::IInstance>
+  getGlobalInstance(const QString& instanceName) const override;
+
+private:
+  InstanceManager* m_Proxied;
+};
+#endif  // INSTANCEMANAGERPROXY_H
diff --git a/src/moapplication.cpp b/src/moapplication.cpp
index a92be85e..e676436a 100644
--- a/src/moapplication.cpp
+++ b/src/moapplication.cpp
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@ void MOApplication::externalMessage(const QString& message)
   }
 }
 
-std::unique_ptr<Instance> MOApplication::getCurrentInstance(bool forceSelect)
+std::shared_ptr<Instance> MOApplication::getCurrentInstance(bool forceSelect)
 {
   auto& m              = InstanceManager::singleton();
   auto currentInstance = m.currentInstance();
diff --git a/src/moapplication.h b/src/moapplication.h
index 498242f3..f3805545 100644
--- a/src/moapplication.h
+++ b/src/moapplication.h
@@ -81,14 +81,14 @@ private:
   QString m_defaultStyle;
   std::unique_ptr<env::ModuleNotification> m_modules;
 
-  std::unique_ptr<Instance> m_instance;
+  std::shared_ptr<Instance> m_instance;
   std::unique_ptr<Settings> m_settings;
   std::unique_ptr<NexusInterface> m_nexus;
   std::unique_ptr<PluginContainer> m_plugins;
   std::unique_ptr<OrganizerCore> m_core;
 
   void externalMessage(const QString& message);
-  std::unique_ptr<Instance> getCurrentInstance(bool forceSelect);
+  std::shared_ptr<Instance> getCurrentInstance(bool forceSelect);
   std::optional<int> setupInstanceLoop(Instance& currentInstance, PluginContainer& pc);
   void purgeOldFiles();
 };
diff --git a/src/organizerproxy.cpp b/src/organizerproxy.cpp
index 973af3d1..90ab900a 100644
--- a/src/organizerproxy.cpp
+++ b/src/organizerproxy.cpp
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include "gamefeaturesproxy.h"
 #include "glob_matching.h"
 #include "instancemanager.h"
+#include "instancemanagerproxy.h"
 #include "modlistproxy.h"
 #include "organizercore.h"
 #include "plugincontainer.h"
@@ -26,6 +27,8 @@ OrganizerProxy::OrganizerProxy(OrganizerCore* organizer,
                                PluginContainer* pluginContainer,
                                MOBase::IPlugin* plugin)
     : m_Proxied(organizer), m_PluginContainer(pluginContainer), m_Plugin(plugin),
+      m_InstanceManagerProxy(
+          std::make_unique<InstanceManagerProxy>(&InstanceManager::singleton())),
       m_DownloadManagerProxy(
           std::make_unique<DownloadManagerProxy>(this, organizer->downloadManager())),
       m_ModListProxy(std::make_unique<ModListProxy>(this, organizer->modList())),
@@ -353,6 +356,11 @@ std::shared_ptr<const MOBase::IFileTree> OrganizerProxy::virtualFileTree() const
   return m_Proxied->m_VirtualFileTree.value();
 }
 
+MOBase::IInstanceManager* OrganizerProxy::instanceManager() const
+{
+  return m_InstanceManagerProxy.get();
+}
+
 MOBase::IDownloadManager* OrganizerProxy::downloadManager() const
 {
   return m_DownloadManagerProxy.get();
diff --git a/src/organizerproxy.h b/src/organizerproxy.h
index 8382bd24..01271990 100644
--- a/src/organizerproxy.h
+++ b/src/organizerproxy.h
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ class GameFeaturesProxy;
 class PluginContainer;
 class DownloadManagerProxy;
 class ExecutablesListProxy;
+class InstanceManagerProxy;
 class ModListProxy;
 class PluginListProxy;
 
@@ -63,6 +64,7 @@ public:  // IOrganizer interface
                 const std::function<bool(const FileInfo&)>& filter) const override;
   std::shared_ptr<const MOBase::IFileTree> virtualFileTree() const override;
 
+  MOBase::IInstanceManager* instanceManager() const override;
   MOBase::IDownloadManager* downloadManager() const override;
   MOBase::IPluginList* pluginList() const override;
   MOBase::IModList* modList() const override;
@@ -156,6 +158,7 @@ private:
 
   std::vector<boost::signals2::connection> m_Connections;
 
+  std::unique_ptr<InstanceManagerProxy> m_InstanceManagerProxy;
   std::unique_ptr<DownloadManagerProxy> m_DownloadManagerProxy;
   std::unique_ptr<ModListProxy> m_ModListProxy;
   std::unique_ptr<PluginListProxy> m_PluginListProxy;
-- 
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